范围:岸钓、船钓都适用Water Safety New Zealand:How to stay safe while fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Always check the weather, severe weather warnings, coastal waters forecast and tide predictions before you leave home.」(10-22 读原文)英国海岸警卫队 HM Coastguard:Sea safety(Angling) · 官方 · 原文 「Check the weather forecast, tide times and particularly the swell forecast」(10-22 读原文)
香港天文台:觀天防雷:教你趨吉避兇 · 官方 · 原文 「例如在行山前先計劃中途退出路線或避險安排,行程中不時留意天氣變化,檢視未來一小時發生雷暴的機會,若有需要則立即改變或取消行程」(10-22 读原文)美国印第安纳州国土安全局:Lightning safety(PDF) · 官方 · 原文 「Know ahead of time where you can seek shelter and how long it will take you to get there if a storm occurs.」(10-22 读原文)
台湾交通部观光署《瘋狗浪-相關資訊及安全宣導》 · 官方 · 原文 危险地形:「突出海岸的礁石及磯岩」「靠近海邊的平台」「海堤邊面海的消波塊」「直立壁型防波堤」;台风前后「包含位於外海,未發布颱風警報的颱風」;「在惡劣的天氣,避免到海邊遊玩」「隨時對海浪運動方式保持警覺」「出現變天的跡象,立即離開,切勿逗留」(10-21 读原文)木更津市消防本部警防課《釣り中の事故に注意しましょう!》(更新 2024-02-29) · 官方 · 原文 「ライフジャケットは必ず着用しましょう。」「最新の気象、海象情報を入手し、天候の悪い日、波の高い日は釣りを控えましょう。」;10-21 重开:开头「木更津市では、内港公園や堤防で、1年を通じて海釣りを楽しむことができます。」(10-21 读原文)新西兰水上安全协会 Water Safety New Zealand:Rock fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Never fish from wet rocks where waves and spray have obviously been sweeping over them.」;「Never turn your back on the sea」;「Never fish in exposed areas during rough or large seas」;「Take at least two forms of communication, such as mobile phone and VHF radio.」;「Never fish alone」;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;出发前查潮汐预报,想想几小时后潮和天气变了钓位会怎样;「Always wear a lifejacket.」;「Sudden high winds can turn a safe spot dangerous very quickly.」(10-21 读原文)新南威尔士州政府:Rock fishing safety tips · 官方 · 原文 「Always wear a lifejacket.」;看风浪「at least 30 mins」;「Never turn your back on the ocean.」;大风会把人推下湿滑的礁石;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;10-21 重开:「Always watch the waves」「You might get trapped or swept off your rock fishing spot by a high tide and or large waves」「Strong winds can create hazardous waves or push you off wet, slippery rocks」「DO NOT rock fish when conditions are dangerous.」「Never fish alone」「Only Fish with other people」;「check the weather, severe weather warnings, coastal waters forecast and tide predictions before you leave home」(新西兰页同一句);「Large seas or swell waves can be hazardous」(10-21 读原文)日本海上保安厅 ウォーターセーフティガイド 釣り・気象・海象 · 官方 · 原文 「釣りに行く前には必ず天気予報を確認し、自身が行く釣り場の風、波、雷等を確認しましょう。」「少しでも不安がある場合は…釣りの中止も検討しましょう。」「釣り場によっては潮汐の影響により岩場等に取り残される危険もあります。潮汐を確認し撤収時刻を考慮した計画を立てましょう。」「足場が濡れていたり、苔や海洋生物が付着している場所は、波が這い上がってきたり、潮汐により水没や孤立する危険性があります。」;10-21 严格核再重开:「少しでも不安がある場合は、山などによって風がさえぎられる場所や波が穏やかな湾内などの場所に変更するほか、釣りの中止も検討しましょう。また、警報や注意報が発令されるなど荒天が予想される場合は釣りを控えましょう。」(10-21 读原文)还有 2 位钓友的经验也在「浪打上来」那页
5台风、雷雨预警:改期;已在海上尽快回港已核
范围:雷雨大风预警算在雷雨里广东省人民政府令第 255 号《广东省气象灾害预警信号发布规定》(C9) · 官方 · 原文 台风预警:海上作业撤离、船舶回港避风;10-21 重读:台风蓝色预警「海水养殖、海上作业人员应当适时撤离,船舶应当及时回港避风或者采取其他避风措施」;雷雨大风「立即停止户外活动和作业」(10-21 读原文);10-21 严格核另记:台风黄色「海水养殖、海上作业人员应当撤离,回港避风船舶不得擅自离港,并做好防御措施」(10-21 读原文)香港天文台:Precautionary Measures when Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals are in force(C11);同一机构另一页:Thunderstorm Warning · 官方 · 原文 热带气旋信号下的防风措施;10-21 重读:「If you are planning an outing, remember that the tropical cyclone may affect your trips. Beware that strong winds may occur over offshore waters」;「Stay away from the shoreline and not to engage in water sports. Small vessels should seek shelter without delay」(10-21 读原文);雷暴警告页:「1. Seek safe shelter immediate or as soon as possible if you are staying outdoors.」「2. Leave the water. Do not swim outdoors or engage in other outdoor water sports.」(10-21 读原文)美国国家气象局:Safe Boating and Thunderstorms(C13) · 官方 · 原文 有雷暴可能就推迟出海;在海上就尽快回港;10-21 重读:「It is therefore strongly recommended you do not venture out if thunderstorms are a possibility. If you do venture out and recognize thunderstorms nearby, head to port or safe shelter as quickly as possible」(10-21 读原文)也在「近岸船钓」那页
6选位前至少观察风浪 30 分钟已核
范围:岸, 礁石新南威尔士州政府《Rock fishing safety tips》 · 官方 · 原文 「Spend at least 30 mins watching the wind and wave action before choosing a safe location.」「Never turn your back on the ocean.」「Always wear a lifejacket.」;10-21 重开:「Spend at least 30 mins watching the wind and wave action before choosing a safe location.」「Never turn your back on the ocean」「Always watch the waves」还有 1 位钓友的经验也在「浪怎么看」那页
7蒲福风级:4 级白浪较多,5 级大量白浪,6 级大浪开始出现已核
香港天文台《蒲福风级》 · 官方 · 原文 各级风的海面样子、开阔海面浪高;「Probable height of waves in metres」3 级 0.6、4 级 1、5 级 2、6 级 3、7 级 4;7 级「Sea heaps up and white foam from breaking waves begins to be blown in streaks」;10-21 curl 重开:3「Large wavelets; crests begin to break; foam of glassy appearance; perhaps scattered white horses.」4「Small waves, becoming longer; fairly frequent white horses.」5「Moderate waves, taking a more pronounced long form; many white horses are formed」6「Large waves begin to form; the white foam crests are more extensive everywhere」;这页没写 open sea(10-21 读原文)NOAA Storm Prediction Center《Beaufort Wind Scale》 · 官方 · 原文 3「Leaves and small twigs constantly moving, light flags extended」;4「Dust, leaves, and loose paper lifted, small tree branches move」「numerous whitecaps」;5「Small trees in leaf begin to sway」;6「Larger tree branches moving, whistling in wires」;7「Whole trees moving, resistance felt walking against wind」「Sea heaps up … white foam streaks off breakers」;10-21 curl 再开:6「Larger waves 8-13 ft, whitecaps common, more spray」(10-21 读原文)也在「风向和风力怎么看」那页
香港天文台《蒲福氏风级表 - 地面和海面状态》(教育资源) · 官方 · 原文 3 级「树叶及微枝摇动不息,旌旗展开」「波峰开始破碎……间中有白头浪」;4 级「能吹起地面灰尘和纸张,树的小枝摇动」「白头浪较为频密」;5 级「有叶的小树摇摆」;6 级「大树枝摇动,电线呼呼有声,举伞困难」「大浪开始出现」;7 级「全树摇动,迎风步行感觉不便」「海浪堆叠,碎浪产生之白沫随风吹成条纹」NOAA Storm Prediction Center《Beaufort Wind Scale》 · 官方 · 原文 3「Leaves and small twigs constantly moving, light flags extended」;4「Dust, leaves, and loose paper lifted, small tree branches move」「numerous whitecaps」;5「Small trees in leaf begin to sway」;6「Larger tree branches moving, whistling in wires」;7「Whole trees moving, resistance felt walking against wind」「Sea heaps up … white foam streaks off breakers」;10-21 curl 再开:6「Larger waves 8-13 ft, whitecaps common, more spray」(10-21 读原文)美国国家气象局 迈阿密台《Beaufort Wind Scale》 · 官方 · 原文 3「Leaves and small twigs in constant motion; wind extends light flag.」;6「Large branches in motion; whistling heard in telegraph wires; umbrellas used with difficulty.」;7「Whole trees in motion; inconvenience felt when walking against the wind.」(10-21 读原文)也在「风向和风力怎么看」那页
9蒲福风级里的浪高是开阔海面的参考;例:封闭水域或近岸吹离岸风时,浪比表上的小、更陡已核
香港天文台《Hong Kong Weather Services for Shipping》附录 I · 官方 · 原文 浪高是开阔海面参考;封闭水域或近岸离岸风时浪更小、更陡;10-21 重开:「These columns are added as a guide to show roughly what may be expected in the open sea, remote from land. In enclosed waters, or when near land with an off-shore wind, wave height will be smaller and the waves steeper.」英国气象局《Beaufort wind force scale》 · 官方 · 原文 浪高是远离陆地的开阔海面参考;风起后浪要过一阵才长大(「These values refer to well-developed wind waves of the open sea.」「The lag effect between the wind getting up and the sea increasing should be borne in mind.」页上没有封闭水域、离岸风的注);10-21 重开对上也在「浪怎么看」那页
范围:开阔海面香港天文台《蒲福风级》 · 官方 · 原文 各级风的海面样子、开阔海面浪高;「Probable height of waves in metres」3 级 0.6、4 级 1、5 级 2、6 级 3、7 级 4;7 级「Sea heaps up and white foam from breaking waves begins to be blown in streaks」;10-21 curl 重开:3「Large wavelets; crests begin to break; foam of glassy appearance; perhaps scattered white horses.」4「Small waves, becoming longer; fairly frequent white horses.」5「Moderate waves, taking a more pronounced long form; many white horses are formed」6「Large waves begin to form; the white foam crests are more extensive everywhere」;这页没写 open sea(10-21 读原文)英国气象局《Beaufort wind force scale》 · 官方 · 原文 同上,浪高是开阔海面参考;「Probable wave height」3 级 0.6、4 级 1.0、5 级 2.0、6 级 3.0、7 级 4.0;10-21 分句核重开:「These values refer to well-developed wind waves of the open sea.」;这页只有浪高和海况词(Slight、Moderate、Rough),没写白浪香港天文台《Hong Kong Weather Services for Shipping》附录 I · 官方 · 原文 「These columns are added as a guide to show roughly what may be expected in the open sea, remote from land. In enclosed waters, or when near land with an off-shore wind, wave height will be smaller and the waves steeper.」;10-21 pdftotext 重读,原话对得上(10-21 读原文)也在「风向和风力怎么看」那页
11浪多高看三样:风多大、吹了多久、在海面上吹过多远;风刚起,浪要过一阵才长大已核
NOAA National Ocean Service《Waves》教程 · 官方 · 原文 「Wave height is affected by wind speed, wind duration (or how long the wind blows), and fetch.」浪靠近岸边,和海底摩擦变得越来越陡,太陡就破碎;10-21 重开:「As wind-driven waves approach the shore, friction between the sea floor and the water causes the water to form increasingly steep angles. Waves that become too steep and unstable are termed breakers」日本气象厅《台風に伴う高波について》 · 官方 · 原文 「高いうねりは数千キロメートルも離れた場所で観測されることもあります。」「その前にうねりの方が早く日本にやってくる」「波には、風が強いほど、長く吹き続けるほど、吹く距離が長いほど高くなるという3つの発達条件があります。」;10-21 重开对上英国气象局《Beaufort wind force scale》 · 官方 · 原文 浪高是远离陆地的开阔海面参考;风起后浪要过一阵才长大(「These values refer to well-developed wind waves of the open sea.」「The lag effect between the wind getting up and the sea increasing should be borne in mind.」页上没有封闭水域、离岸风的注);10-21 重开对上也在「浪怎么看」那页
12朔望(初一、十五)前后潮差最大是大潮,上下弦(初七八、廿二三)潮差最小是小潮已核
香港天文台《潮汐小常识》 · 官方 · 原文 朔望成一线潮差最大=大潮,上下弦成直角潮差最小=小潮;10-21 重开:「每月的新月(朔)或滿月(望)前後,地球、月球和太陽三者連成一線,水位會升得特別高和降得特別低,我們稱之為大潮。上弦月或下弦月的時候,地球、月球和太陽三者成一直角,水位升降變化最小,我們稱之為小潮」「大氣壓力和風等氣象因素對海面水位都有影響」(10-21 读原文)NOAA National Ocean Service《Tides: Spring and Neap》 · 官方 · 原文 大潮潮差大、小潮潮差小;10-21 重开:「the solar tide has an additive effect on the lunar tide, creating extra-high high tides, and very low, low tides—both commonly called spring tides. One week later, when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other, the solar tide partially cancels out the lunar tide and produces moderate tides known as neap tides」;这页没讲潮流快慢(10-21 读原文)水利部太湖流域管理局《潮汐》 · 官方 · 原文 「大潮通常发生在朔、望日后2d~3d」;10-21 重开:「在朔(初一)、望 ( 十五 ) 日,由于月球、太阳和地球运行位置处于一直线上…此时海面升降最大…称为大潮。在上弦日 ( 初七或初八 ) 与下弦日 ( 廿二或廿三 ) …此时海面升降最小,称为小潮」「大潮通常发生在朔、望日后 2 d~ 3 d」(10-21 读原文)还有 1 位钓友的经验也在「潮汐怎么看」那页
13高低潮和憩流(转流)的时刻没有通用对应,要查潮流预报已核
NOAA CO-OPS FAQ · 官方 · 原文 高低潮和憩流的时刻没有通用对应;10-21 重开:「Many professional and recreational users…have a 'rule of thumb'…that the times of slack water will be at the same time as the high and low tides…Unfortunately, this assumed 'rule of thumb' does not hold for most locations.」「Current Tables…provide a listing of the times and speeds of the daily flood, ebb, and slack currents」(10-21 读原文)国家海洋科学数据中心《潮汐潮流预报》 · 官方 · 原文 潮流站给流向、流速、转流时刻;10-21 重开:页面是查询表,栏目「转流时分」「最大流流速」「流速单位」「流向(°)」(10-21 读原文)LINZ:Tidal stream predictions · 官方 · 原文 「slack water does not necessarily occur at times of high or low water」;10-21 重开:「Interestingly, slack water does not necessarily occur at times of high or low water.」(10-21 读原文)还有 1 篇钓鱼媒体文章也在「潮汐怎么看」那页
NOAA National Ocean Service《Tidal Currents》 · 官方 · 原文 大潮潮流快、小潮潮流慢;10-21 重开:「When the moon is at full or new phases, tidal current velocities are strong and are called “spring currents.” When the moon is at first or third quarter phases, tidal current velocities are weak and are called “neap currents.”」(10-21 读原文)还有 1 位钓友的经验、1 篇钓鱼媒体文章也在「潮汐怎么看」那页
范围:礁石日本海上保安厅 ウォーターセーフティガイド 釣り・場所 · 官方 · 原文 「潮の満ち引きにより磯場に取り残される事故が発生しています。」「気象・海象を確認し釣りに行きましょう。」;磯:「万が一海中転落した場合に備えて上陸可能な場所を確認しましょう」(10-21 读原文;撑 yonglang-12)新南威尔士州政府:Rock fishing safety tips · 官方 · 原文 「Always wear a lifejacket.」;看风浪「at least 30 mins」;「Never turn your back on the ocean.」;大风会把人推下湿滑的礁石;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;10-21 重开:「Always watch the waves」「You might get trapped or swept off your rock fishing spot by a high tide and or large waves」「Strong winds can create hazardous waves or push you off wet, slippery rocks」「DO NOT rock fish when conditions are dangerous.」「Never fish alone」「Only Fish with other people」;「check the weather, severe weather warnings, coastal waters forecast and tide predictions before you leave home」(新西兰页同一句);「Large seas or swell waves can be hazardous」(10-21 读原文)日本海上保安厅 ウォーターセーフティガイド 釣り・気象・海象 · 官方 · 原文 「釣りに行く前には必ず天気予報を確認し、自身が行く釣り場の風、波、雷等を確認しましょう。」「少しでも不安がある場合は…釣りの中止も検討しましょう。」「釣り場によっては潮汐の影響により岩場等に取り残される危険もあります。潮汐を確認し撤収時刻を考慮した計画を立てましょう。」「足場が濡れていたり、苔や海洋生物が付着している場所は、波が這い上がってきたり、潮汐により水没や孤立する危険性があります。」;10-21 严格核再重开:「少しでも不安がある場合は、山などによって風がさえぎられる場所や波が穏やかな湾内などの場所に変更するほか、釣りの中止も検討しましょう。また、警報や注意報が発令されるなど荒天が予想される場合は釣りを控えましょう。」(10-21 读原文)还有 2 位钓友的经验也在「浪打上来」那页
20上礁先看两样:当天潮水会涨到多高、脚下有没有水渍(有水渍说明浪打上来过)已核
范围:礁石新西兰水上安全协会 Water Safety New Zealand:Rock fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Never fish from wet rocks where waves and spray have obviously been sweeping over them.」;「Never turn your back on the sea」;「Never fish in exposed areas during rough or large seas」;「Take at least two forms of communication, such as mobile phone and VHF radio.」;「Never fish alone」;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;出发前查潮汐预报,想想几小时后潮和天气变了钓位会怎样;「Always wear a lifejacket.」;「Sudden high winds can turn a safe spot dangerous very quickly.」(10-21 读原文)新南威尔士州政府:Rock fishing safety tips · 官方 · 原文 「Always wear a lifejacket.」;看风浪「at least 30 mins」;「Never turn your back on the ocean.」;大风会把人推下湿滑的礁石;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;10-21 重开:「Always watch the waves」「You might get trapped or swept off your rock fishing spot by a high tide and or large waves」「Strong winds can create hazardous waves or push you off wet, slippery rocks」「DO NOT rock fish when conditions are dangerous.」「Never fish alone」「Only Fish with other people」;「check the weather, severe weather warnings, coastal waters forecast and tide predictions before you leave home」(新西兰页同一句);「Large seas or swell waves can be hazardous」(10-21 读原文)日本海上保安厅 ウォーターセーフティガイド 釣り・気象・海象 · 官方 · 原文 「釣りに行く前には必ず天気予報を確認し、自身が行く釣り場の風、波、雷等を確認しましょう。」「少しでも不安がある場合は…釣りの中止も検討しましょう。」「釣り場によっては潮汐の影響により岩場等に取り残される危険もあります。潮汐を確認し撤収時刻を考慮した計画を立てましょう。」「足場が濡れていたり、苔や海洋生物が付着している場所は、波が這い上がってきたり、潮汐により水没や孤立する危険性があります。」;10-21 严格核再重开:「少しでも不安がある場合は、山などによって風がさえぎられる場所や波が穏やかな湾内などの場所に変更するほか、釣りの中止も検討しましょう。また、警報や注意報が発令されるなど荒天が予想される場合は釣りを控えましょう。」(10-21 读原文)还有 3 位钓友的经验也在「浪打上来」那页
范围:香港, 深圳香港天文台《热带气旋警告信号生效时的预防措施》 · 官方 · 原文 3 号信号:远离海岸线、不做水上活动;10-21 重开:「Stay away from the shoreline and not to engage in water sports」深圳市气象局《气象灾害预警信号防御措施与含义》 · 官方 · 原文 台风蓝色:「避免前往室外人口密集场所和沿海区域」;黄色:「处于海边……等可能发生危险区域的人员撤离」;10-21 重开对上也在「浪怎么看」那页
22晚上视线差,要告诉别人去哪、几点回已核
尼木县人民政府:暑期防溺水指南(2025-07-12) · 官方 · 原文 知去向、知归时:尤其在傍晚、夜间等视线较差的时段,更要严格掌握返回时间;有人溺水:立即呼救,拨打 110、120;扔出漂浮物;不要盲目下水(写给家长和孩子的);10-21 重开:「一知:知去向」「三知:知归时」「尤其在傍晚、夜间等视线较差的时段,更要严格掌握孩子的返回时间」「1. 立即呼救:大声喊…同时尽快拨打110」「2. 扔出漂浮物」「3. 不要盲目下水」(10-21 读原文)澳大利亚维多利亚州卫生部 Better Health Channel:Fishing – preventing injury(2015-02-28 审) · 官方 · 原文 「Never go fishing alone. Always fish with someone else and, ideally, with two other people. If one person is injured or in danger, a second person can stay with them while the third person seeks help.」「Wear non-slip shoes and take care to avoid slipping or cutting yourself on sharp, rocky edges.」「Look for secure footholds and stay away from sloping, slippery edges.」(10-21 curl 读原文);10-21 分句核二重开:「Let somebody know the location of your fishing trip, who you are going with and an approximate time you will be back.」(10-21 读原文)新西兰水上安全协会 Water Safety New Zealand:Rock fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Leave detailed information – tell someone responsible where you are going and when you are due to return.」「Never fish alone, make sure you always take a buddy with you」(10-21 读原文)还有 1 篇钓鱼媒体文章也在「夜钓安全」那页
23打雷下雨别钓:离开水边,别在大树下躲雨已核
广州市增城区人民政府:远离高压线!这些触电案例,钓鱼人需谨记(2020-05-13) · 官方 · 原文 碳素鱼竿导电性强,尼龙钓鱼线沾水后也易导电;沾水的钓鱼线只要靠近到一定距离,就可能放电;看到安全警示标志应远离;抛竿收竿防止鱼竿触及导电线;雷雨天不垂钓,举起的鱼竿相当于避雷针;首先尽快切断电源,若无法切断,用干燥的木棍、竹棒等不导电物体使伤员脱离电源,救助者不要直接接触伤员;「(2)不在电力设施下垂钓,侥幸心理很危险。」「急救者切勿直接接触触电伤员」(10-21 读原文);10-21 重开:「钓鱼竿材质一般为碳素,具有很强导电性,而钓鱼线是尼龙材质,沾水后也易导电」「沾水的钓鱼线无需接触到线路,只要靠近到一定距离,便可能产生放电」「抛收竿时一定要特别小心,防止触及导电线」「(1)不在雷雨天气垂钓,鱼竿举起来就是避雷针」「如果不能,则用不导电物体如干燥的木棍、竹棒或干布等物使伤员尽快脱离电源」(10-21 读原文)广东省消防救援总队:如何安全垂钓(2025-08-21) · 官方 · 原文 垂钓甩竿和收竿时,要注意观察周围环境,记得避开人群,同时远离高压线;现在的钓鱼竿大多为导电的碳素材质,鱼线也多为导电材料;10-21 重开:「1.到专业场地钓鱼,不要在未经开发的地方野钓,不要在雷雨、台风等恶劣天气时外出钓鱼。」「2.垂钓甩竿和收竿时,要注意观察周围环境,记得避开人群,同时远离高压线,以防误伤自己和他人。」「3.现在的钓鱼竿大多为导电的碳素材质,鱼线也多为导电材料」(10-21 读原文)温州市卫生健康委员会:好险!男子河边垂钓遭遇雷击 雨天安全温馨提示(2025-04-30) · 官方 · 原文 不宜在水面和水边停留,不宜在河边洗衣服、钓鱼、游泳、玩耍;一定要和树木、电线杆、积水保持距离;10-21 重开:「不宜在水面和水边停留,不宜在河边洗衣服、钓鱼、游泳、玩耍」「一定要和树木、电线杆、积水保持距离」(10-21 读原文)NOAA:NOAA study finds fishing tops U.S. lightning death activities(2013-06-24) · 官方 · 原文 休闲活动里钓鱼的雷击死亡最多(2006–2012 年 26 人);钓鱼、露营、划船要更久才能躲到安全处;if people can hear thunder, they are in danger of being struck by lightning;The only safe places to be during a thunderstorm are in a building with four walls and a roof or in a car;10-21 重开:「postpone or cancel outdoor activities when thunderstorms are in the forecast」「The only safe places to be during a thunderstorm are in a building with four walls and a roof or in a car」;同一机构 NWS Lightning Tips(https://www.weather.gov/safety/lightning-tips ):「Immediately get out and away from ponds, lakes and other bodies of water」「Never shelter under an isolated tree」(10-21 读原文)还有 1 篇钓鱼媒体文章也在「电线和钓竿」那页
24结伴,两人以上已核
范围:礁石新西兰水上安全协会 Water Safety New Zealand:Rock fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Never fish from wet rocks where waves and spray have obviously been sweeping over them.」;「Never turn your back on the sea」;「Never fish in exposed areas during rough or large seas」;「Take at least two forms of communication, such as mobile phone and VHF radio.」;「Never fish alone」;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;出发前查潮汐预报,想想几小时后潮和天气变了钓位会怎样;「Always wear a lifejacket.」;「Sudden high winds can turn a safe spot dangerous very quickly.」(10-21 读原文)新南威尔士州政府:Rock fishing safety tips · 官方 · 原文 「Always wear a lifejacket.」;看风浪「at least 30 mins」;「Never turn your back on the ocean.」;大风会把人推下湿滑的礁石;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;10-21 重开:「Always watch the waves」「You might get trapped or swept off your rock fishing spot by a high tide and or large waves」「Strong winds can create hazardous waves or push you off wet, slippery rocks」「DO NOT rock fish when conditions are dangerous.」「Never fish alone」「Only Fish with other people」;「check the weather, severe weather warnings, coastal waters forecast and tide predictions before you leave home」(新西兰页同一句);「Large seas or swell waves can be hazardous」(10-21 读原文)还有 1 位钓友的经验也在「浪打上来」那页
25救生衣一直穿着已核
范围:礁石(防波堤不单列)新南威尔士州政府:Rock fishing safety tips · 官方 · 原文 「Always wear a lifejacket.」;看风浪「at least 30 mins」;「Never turn your back on the ocean.」;大风会把人推下湿滑的礁石;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;10-21 重开:「Always watch the waves」「You might get trapped or swept off your rock fishing spot by a high tide and or large waves」「Strong winds can create hazardous waves or push you off wet, slippery rocks」「DO NOT rock fish when conditions are dangerous.」「Never fish alone」「Only Fish with other people」;「check the weather, severe weather warnings, coastal waters forecast and tide predictions before you leave home」(新西兰页同一句);「Large seas or swell waves can be hazardous」(10-21 读原文)木更津市消防本部警防課《釣り中の事故に注意しましょう!》(更新 2024-02-29) · 官方 · 原文 「ライフジャケットは必ず着用しましょう。」「最新の気象、海象情報を入手し、天候の悪い日、波の高い日は釣りを控えましょう。」;10-21 重开:开头「木更津市では、内港公園や堤防で、1年を通じて海釣りを楽しむことができます。」(10-21 读原文)新西兰水上安全协会 Water Safety New Zealand:Rock fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Never fish from wet rocks where waves and spray have obviously been sweeping over them.」;「Never turn your back on the sea」;「Never fish in exposed areas during rough or large seas」;「Take at least two forms of communication, such as mobile phone and VHF radio.」;「Never fish alone」;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;出发前查潮汐预报,想想几小时后潮和天气变了钓位会怎样;「Always wear a lifejacket.」;「Sudden high winds can turn a safe spot dangerous very quickly.」(10-21 读原文)日本海上保安厅 ウォーターセーフティガイド 釣り・場所 · 官方 · 原文 「潮の満ち引きにより磯場に取り残される事故が発生しています。」「気象・海象を確認し釣りに行きましょう。」;磯:「万が一海中転落した場合に備えて上陸可能な場所を確認しましょう」(10-21 读原文;撑 yonglang-12)也在「浪打上来」那页
26远方台风的涌浪一般跑得比台风快:台风还很远时,涌浪可能已经先到已核
香港天文台《Swells from distant typhoons》 · 官方 · 原文 「These swells travel at speeds much faster than the movement of tropical cyclones.」「When a tropical cyclone is a few hundred kilometers away, local weather may be deceptively fine with light winds.」「When the swells enter shallow waters, their heights would increase.」(没讲变陡、碎开);10-21 重开对上日本气象厅《台風に伴う高波について》 · 官方 · 原文 「高いうねりは数千キロメートルも離れた場所で観測されることもあります。」「その前にうねりの方が早く日本にやってくる」「波には、風が強いほど、長く吹き続けるほど、吹く距離が長いほど高くなるという3つの発達条件があります。」;10-21 重开对上世界气象组织(WMO)台风预报员培训讲义《Cyclonic swell and storm surge》(Adrien Colomb,2019-11-04,RA I 培训) · 官方 · 原文 「With their long period, the swell waves usually travel faster than the cyclone.」「A strong swell is thus felt ahead of the cyclone (up to 800km from the center)」(10-21 读原文,pdftotext)也在「浪怎么看」那页
27风、气压会让实际潮位和预报不一样;预报按平均气象条件算已核
NOAA National Ocean Service《Tides: Other Effects》 · 官方 · 原文 风、气压改变实测潮位;「Strong offshore winds can move water away from coastlines, exaggerating low tide exposures. Onshore winds may act to pile up water onto the shoreline」「High – pressure systems can depress sea levels…low-pressure systems…typically are associated with tides than are much higher than predicted」(10-21 读原文)英国海道测量局 ADMIRALTY EasyTide FAQs · 官方 · 原文 「In the main a spring tide occurs 2 days after the date of New and Full Moon」,各站 0–4 天;预报不含风和气压;10-21 重开:「In the main a spring tide occurs 2 days after the date of New and Full Moon. However, a Spring Tide can occur anywhere from 0 to 4 days after New and Full Moon」「They do not take into account any meteorological effects which may be prevalent on the day(s) in question. Such effects (such as wind and pressure effects) can significantly alter the observed tide」(10-21 读原文)香港天文台《潮汐预报说明》 · 官方 · 原文 「香港的潮汐屬於不正規半日潮。在一個月大部份時間內,每日有兩個漲潮和兩個退潮。每當新月或滿月的時候,潮差特別大,這個時期叫做大潮。每個月的上弦或下弦,潮差卻變得很小,這個時期叫做小潮。有時在小潮期間,每日只有一個漲潮和退潮。一般來說,每日的兩個漲潮的潮高都不相等」「由於預測漲退潮出現的時間及高度只適用於平均氣象情況」(10-21 读原文;原记录写「混合潮、以半日潮为主」,页面原话是「不正規半日潮」,记录改成原话)新西兰土地信息局 LINZ《Analysis and prediction of tides》 · 官方 · 原文 「As predictions are given for average meteorological conditions, it follows that when conditions are not average the actual tide times and/or heights may differ from those predicted.」(10-21 读原文)也在「潮汐怎么看」那页
来源
53 份
Water Safety New Zealand:How to stay safe while fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Always check the weather, severe weather warnings, coastal waters forecast and tide predictions before you leave home.」(10-22 读原文)
英国海岸警卫队 HM Coastguard:Sea safety(Angling) · 官方 · 原文 「Check the weather forecast, tide times and particularly the swell forecast」(10-22 读原文)
美国印第安纳州国土安全局:Lightning safety(PDF) · 官方 · 原文 「Know ahead of time where you can seek shelter and how long it will take you to get there if a storm occurs.」(10-22 读原文)
新西兰水上安全协会 Water Safety New Zealand:Rock fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Never fish from wet rocks where waves and spray have obviously been sweeping over them.」;「Never turn your back on the sea」;「Never fish in exposed areas during rough or large seas」;「Take at least two forms of communication, such as mobile phone and VHF radio.」;「Never fish alone」;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;出发前查潮汐预报,想想几小时后潮和天气变了钓位会怎样;「Always wear a lifejacket.」;「Sudden high winds can turn a safe spot dangerous very quickly.」(10-21 读原文)
新南威尔士州政府:Rock fishing safety tips · 官方 · 原文 「Always wear a lifejacket.」;看风浪「at least 30 mins」;「Never turn your back on the ocean.」;大风会把人推下湿滑的礁石;「Plan an escape route in case you get washed into the water.」;10-21 重开:「Always watch the waves」「You might get trapped or swept off your rock fishing spot by a high tide and or large waves」「Strong winds can create hazardous waves or push you off wet, slippery rocks」「DO NOT rock fish when conditions are dangerous.」「Never fish alone」「Only Fish with other people」;「check the weather, severe weather warnings, coastal waters forecast and tide predictions before you leave home」(新西兰页同一句);「Large seas or swell waves can be hazardous」(10-21 读原文)
香港天文台:Precautionary Measures when Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals are in force(C11);同一机构另一页:Thunderstorm Warning · 官方 · 原文 热带气旋信号下的防风措施;10-21 重读:「If you are planning an outing, remember that the tropical cyclone may affect your trips. Beware that strong winds may occur over offshore waters」;「Stay away from the shoreline and not to engage in water sports. Small vessels should seek shelter without delay」(10-21 读原文);雷暴警告页:「1. Seek safe shelter immediate or as soon as possible if you are staying outdoors.」「2. Leave the water. Do not swim outdoors or engage in other outdoor water sports.」(10-21 读原文)
美国国家气象局:Safe Boating and Thunderstorms(C13) · 官方 · 原文 有雷暴可能就推迟出海;在海上就尽快回港;10-21 重读:「It is therefore strongly recommended you do not venture out if thunderstorms are a possibility. If you do venture out and recognize thunderstorms nearby, head to port or safe shelter as quickly as possible」(10-21 读原文)
新南威尔士州政府《Rock fishing safety tips》 · 官方 · 原文 「Spend at least 30 mins watching the wind and wave action before choosing a safe location.」「Never turn your back on the ocean.」「Always wear a lifejacket.」;10-21 重开:「Spend at least 30 mins watching the wind and wave action before choosing a safe location.」「Never turn your back on the ocean」「Always watch the waves」
香港天文台《蒲福风级》 · 官方 · 原文 各级风的海面样子、开阔海面浪高;「Probable height of waves in metres」3 级 0.6、4 级 1、5 级 2、6 级 3、7 级 4;7 级「Sea heaps up and white foam from breaking waves begins to be blown in streaks」;10-21 curl 重开:3「Large wavelets; crests begin to break; foam of glassy appearance; perhaps scattered white horses.」4「Small waves, becoming longer; fairly frequent white horses.」5「Moderate waves, taking a more pronounced long form; many white horses are formed」6「Large waves begin to form; the white foam crests are more extensive everywhere」;这页没写 open sea(10-21 读原文)
NOAA Storm Prediction Center《Beaufort Wind Scale》 · 官方 · 原文 3「Leaves and small twigs constantly moving, light flags extended」;4「Dust, leaves, and loose paper lifted, small tree branches move」「numerous whitecaps」;5「Small trees in leaf begin to sway」;6「Larger tree branches moving, whistling in wires」;7「Whole trees moving, resistance felt walking against wind」「Sea heaps up … white foam streaks off breakers」;10-21 curl 再开:6「Larger waves 8-13 ft, whitecaps common, more spray」(10-21 读原文)
美国国家气象局 迈阿密台《Beaufort Wind Scale》 · 官方 · 原文 3「Leaves and small twigs in constant motion; wind extends light flag.」;6「Large branches in motion; whistling heard in telegraph wires; umbrellas used with difficulty.」;7「Whole trees in motion; inconvenience felt when walking against the wind.」(10-21 读原文)
香港天文台《Hong Kong Weather Services for Shipping》附录 I · 官方 · 原文 浪高是开阔海面参考;封闭水域或近岸离岸风时浪更小、更陡;10-21 重开:「These columns are added as a guide to show roughly what may be expected in the open sea, remote from land. In enclosed waters, or when near land with an off-shore wind, wave height will be smaller and the waves steeper.」
英国气象局《Beaufort wind force scale》 · 官方 · 原文 浪高是远离陆地的开阔海面参考;风起后浪要过一阵才长大(「These values refer to well-developed wind waves of the open sea.」「The lag effect between the wind getting up and the sea increasing should be borne in mind.」页上没有封闭水域、离岸风的注);10-21 重开对上
英国气象局《Beaufort wind force scale》 · 官方 · 原文 同上,浪高是开阔海面参考;「Probable wave height」3 级 0.6、4 级 1.0、5 级 2.0、6 级 3.0、7 级 4.0;10-21 分句核重开:「These values refer to well-developed wind waves of the open sea.」;这页只有浪高和海况词(Slight、Moderate、Rough),没写白浪
香港天文台《Hong Kong Weather Services for Shipping》附录 I · 官方 · 原文 「These columns are added as a guide to show roughly what may be expected in the open sea, remote from land. In enclosed waters, or when near land with an off-shore wind, wave height will be smaller and the waves steeper.」;10-21 pdftotext 重读,原话对得上(10-21 读原文)
NOAA National Ocean Service《Waves》教程 · 官方 · 原文 「Wave height is affected by wind speed, wind duration (or how long the wind blows), and fetch.」浪靠近岸边,和海底摩擦变得越来越陡,太陡就破碎;10-21 重开:「As wind-driven waves approach the shore, friction between the sea floor and the water causes the water to form increasingly steep angles. Waves that become too steep and unstable are termed breakers」
NOAA National Ocean Service《Tides: Spring and Neap》 · 官方 · 原文 大潮潮差大、小潮潮差小;10-21 重开:「the solar tide has an additive effect on the lunar tide, creating extra-high high tides, and very low, low tides—both commonly called spring tides. One week later, when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other, the solar tide partially cancels out the lunar tide and produces moderate tides known as neap tides」;这页没讲潮流快慢(10-21 读原文)
NOAA CO-OPS FAQ · 官方 · 原文 高低潮和憩流的时刻没有通用对应;10-21 重开:「Many professional and recreational users…have a 'rule of thumb'…that the times of slack water will be at the same time as the high and low tides…Unfortunately, this assumed 'rule of thumb' does not hold for most locations.」「Current Tables…provide a listing of the times and speeds of the daily flood, ebb, and slack currents」(10-21 读原文)
LINZ:Tidal stream predictions · 官方 · 原文 「slack water does not necessarily occur at times of high or low water」;10-21 重开:「Interestingly, slack water does not necessarily occur at times of high or low water.」(10-21 读原文)
NOAA National Ocean Service《Tidal Currents》 · 官方 · 原文 大潮潮流快、小潮潮流慢;10-21 重开:「When the moon is at full or new phases, tidal current velocities are strong and are called “spring currents.” When the moon is at first or third quarter phases, tidal current velocities are weak and are called “neap currents.”」(10-21 读原文)
澳大利亚维多利亚州卫生部 Better Health Channel:Fishing – preventing injury(2015-02-28 审) · 官方 · 原文 「Never go fishing alone. Always fish with someone else and, ideally, with two other people. If one person is injured or in danger, a second person can stay with them while the third person seeks help.」「Wear non-slip shoes and take care to avoid slipping or cutting yourself on sharp, rocky edges.」「Look for secure footholds and stay away from sloping, slippery edges.」(10-21 curl 读原文);10-21 分句核二重开:「Let somebody know the location of your fishing trip, who you are going with and an approximate time you will be back.」(10-21 读原文)
新西兰水上安全协会 Water Safety New Zealand:Rock fishing · 官方 · 原文 「Leave detailed information – tell someone responsible where you are going and when you are due to return.」「Never fish alone, make sure you always take a buddy with you」(10-21 读原文)
NOAA:NOAA study finds fishing tops U.S. lightning death activities(2013-06-24) · 官方 · 原文 休闲活动里钓鱼的雷击死亡最多(2006–2012 年 26 人);钓鱼、露营、划船要更久才能躲到安全处;if people can hear thunder, they are in danger of being struck by lightning;The only safe places to be during a thunderstorm are in a building with four walls and a roof or in a car;10-21 重开:「postpone or cancel outdoor activities when thunderstorms are in the forecast」「The only safe places to be during a thunderstorm are in a building with four walls and a roof or in a car」;同一机构 NWS Lightning Tips(https://www.weather.gov/safety/lightning-tips ):「Immediately get out and away from ponds, lakes and other bodies of water」「Never shelter under an isolated tree」(10-21 读原文)
香港天文台《Swells from distant typhoons》 · 官方 · 原文 「These swells travel at speeds much faster than the movement of tropical cyclones.」「When a tropical cyclone is a few hundred kilometers away, local weather may be deceptively fine with light winds.」「When the swells enter shallow waters, their heights would increase.」(没讲变陡、碎开);10-21 重开对上
世界气象组织(WMO)台风预报员培训讲义《Cyclonic swell and storm surge》(Adrien Colomb,2019-11-04,RA I 培训) · 官方 · 原文 「With their long period, the swell waves usually travel faster than the cyclone.」「A strong swell is thus felt ahead of the cyclone (up to 800km from the center)」(10-21 读原文,pdftotext)
NOAA National Ocean Service《Tides: Other Effects》 · 官方 · 原文 风、气压改变实测潮位;「Strong offshore winds can move water away from coastlines, exaggerating low tide exposures. Onshore winds may act to pile up water onto the shoreline」「High – pressure systems can depress sea levels…low-pressure systems…typically are associated with tides than are much higher than predicted」(10-21 读原文)
英国海道测量局 ADMIRALTY EasyTide FAQs · 官方 · 原文 「In the main a spring tide occurs 2 days after the date of New and Full Moon」,各站 0–4 天;预报不含风和气压;10-21 重开:「In the main a spring tide occurs 2 days after the date of New and Full Moon. However, a Spring Tide can occur anywhere from 0 to 4 days after New and Full Moon」「They do not take into account any meteorological effects which may be prevalent on the day(s) in question. Such effects (such as wind and pressure effects) can significantly alter the observed tide」(10-21 读原文)
新西兰土地信息局 LINZ《Analysis and prediction of tides》 · 官方 · 原文 「As predictions are given for average meteorological conditions, it follows that when conditions are not average the actual tide times and/or heights may differ from those predicted.」(10-21 读原文)